Historical & Former Country Flags
Flags of empires, unions, and nations that no longer exist — preserved in vector and raster formats for education, design, and research.
Soviet Union (USSR)
1922–1991The USSR flag featured a red field with a gold hammer and sickle, symbolizing the unity of workers and peasants.
Ottoman Empire
1299–1922The Ottoman flag bore a red field with a white crescent moon and star, symbols still used in modern Turkey.
Timurid Empire
1370–1507The Timurid dynasty ruled Central Asia and Persia, known for its patronage of arts and the city of Samarkand.
Byzantine Empire
395–1453The Eastern Roman Empire used a golden double-headed eagle on a purple field, symbolizing imperial power.
Mughal Empire
1526–1857The Mughal Empire dominated the Indian subcontinent with a rich tradition of art, architecture, and governance.
Imperial Japan
1868–1947The Rising Sun flag with sixteen rays represented Imperial Japan's expansionist era and military power.
Yugoslavia
1918–1992Yugoslavia united South Slavic peoples under a blue, white, and red tricolor with a red star.
Czechoslovakia
1918–1993Czechoslovakia's flag featured white, red, and a blue triangle — now used by the Czech Republic.
Confederate States
1861–1865The Confederate Battle Flag became one of the most controversial symbols in American history.
Holy Roman Empire
962–1806The Holy Roman Empire's black eagle on gold is the oldest continuously used heraldic symbol in Europe.
Mongol Empire
1206–1368The largest contiguous land empire in history, the Mongol Empire stretched from Asia to Eastern Europe.
Roman Empire
27 BC–476 ADThe SPQR standard of Rome represented the Senate and People of Rome across centuries of civilization.